America's learning gap isn't inevitable: Harvard researchers reveal 3 school strategies that actually work

The persistent achievement gap in American education is often attributed to factors like socioeconomic status, race and innate ability. However, recent research from Harvard University suggests that the gap is not an inevitable outcome but rather a consequence of systemic choices and missed opportunities. By implementing evidence-based strategies, schools can significantly improve educational outcomes for all students.

Broaden access to high-quality early childhood education
In Harvard Graduate School of Education 's 2024 research on SAT/ACT test scores, Harvard economist David Deming emphasized the critical importance of early childhood education in levelling the academic playing field. His research indicated that disparities in health and cognitive development begin before kindergarten, particularly among children from low-income families. Deming advocates for universal access to high-quality preschool programs to ensure that all children start their educational journey on equal footing.

Sustain and increase funding for public schools
Deming also highlighted the necessity of sustained investment in public education. He argued that one-time federal funding boosts, such as those provided during the Covid-19 pandemic, are less effective than consistent, long-term financial support. Regular, increased funding allows schools to reduce class sizes, attract and retain qualified teachers, and provide essential resources, all of which contribute to closing achievement gaps.

Implement citywide, collaborative education reformThe Education Redesign Lab at Harvard Graduate School of Education conducted a study in 2018, How Cities Can Act to Close the Achievement Gap, involving six US cities of Louisville, Kentucky; Oakland, California; Providence, Rhode Island and several Massachusetts cities. The initiative, known as "By All Means", aimed to address educational disparities through coordinated efforts across schools, local governments and community organizations. The findings suggested that comprehensive, citywide strategies that align resources and policies can effectively reduce achievement gaps by addressing the multifaceted challenges students face.

The research underscores that the achievement gap in American education is not a predetermined outcome but a challenge that can be overcome with deliberate and evidence-based strategies. By expanding access to quality early education, ensuring sustained funding for public schools and fostering collaborative and citywide reform efforts, schools can create an environment where all students have the opportunity to succeed. Implementing these strategies can lead to measurable improvements in educational equity and outcomes.